Performing a Risk Assessment: A Vital Tool in the 911 Dispatcher's Toolbox
Written by Justin J. Prescott,
Director of Online Education AEP
In the high-stress environment of a 911 call center, dispatchers play a critical role in ensuring the safety of both the public and first responders. One essential skill in their toolbox is the ability to perform a comprehensive risk assessment during emergency calls. This assessment focuses on scene safety, reporting party (RP) safety, and responder safety, all of which are paramount to the success of any emergency response. In this article, we will explore how 911 professionals can effectively perform a risk assessment to make informed decisions and save lives.
Scene Safety
Scene safety is the foundation upon which all emergency response operations are built. Ensuring the safety of the scene is crucial not only for first responders but also for the individuals involved in the emergency. Here are some key steps for assessing scene safety:
1. Gather Information: Begin by gathering as much information as possible from the caller. Ask questions about the nature of the emergency, potential hazards, and any immediate threats at the scene.
2. Listen Carefully: Pay close attention to background noises and any information that may indicate danger. Dispatchers should be trained to recognize cues that suggest a hazardous environment, such as screaming, gunshots, or sounds of a fire.
3. Prioritize Safety: Always prioritize safety over getting information from callers or first responders via putting them in harm’s way. If there is any doubt about the safety of the scene, instruct callers to stay at a safe distance and await the arrival of first responders.
4. Communicate Hazards: Relay any information about potential hazards to responding units. This includes informing them of the presence of weapons, dangerous substances, or any other factors that could jeopardize their safety.
Responder Safety
The safety of first responders is of utmost importance during any emergency response. Dispatchers must consider the potential risks to responders and take measures to protect them. Here's how to ensure responder safety:
1. Accurate Information: Provide responding units with accurate and up-to-date information about the scene, potential hazards, and any safety concerns.
2. Coordinate Resources: Ensure that the appropriate resources, such as police, fire, or medical personnel, are dispatched to the scene based on the risk assessment.
3. Communicate Hazards: Continuously update responders about changing conditions or new hazards that may arise during the response.
4. Tactical Considerations: In high-risk situations, consider deploying specialized units or requesting additional resources to enhance responder safety.
Reporting Party (“RP”) Safety
The well-being of the reporting party is another critical aspect of a risk assessment. While dispatchers are primarily responsible for coordinating the response, they must also ensure the safety of the caller. Here's how to focus on RP safety:
1. Establish Rapport: Quickly establish a rapport with the caller to gain their trust and cooperation. Assure them that help is on the way and that their safety is a top priority.
2. Instruct on Self-Preservation: Encourage the RP to take measures to protect themselves if necessary. This may include finding a safe location, locking doors, or seeking shelter.
3. Evaluate Threat Level: Assess the level of danger the RP is in by asking questions about the situation. Determine if the RP is in immediate danger and needs assistance beyond standard emergency response.
4. Provide Guidance: Offer clear and concise instructions to the RP based on the specific circumstances. If the RP is in imminent danger, advise them on actions they can take to minimize risk while awaiting help.
Conclusion
Performing a risk assessment is a vital skill for 911 professionals, as it directly impacts the safety and effectiveness of emergency responses. By focusing on scene safety, reporting party safety, and responder safety, dispatchers can make informed decisions that save lives. In the fast-paced world of emergency dispatch, these assessments are the cornerstone of efficient and safe emergency response operations, ensuring that everyone involved in the incident can return home safely.